Gastrointestinal and liver disease

Referral criteria

Gastrointestinal and liver disease conditions for consideration of referral for an opinion, advice or MMC led care.

For women requiring MMC led care they are managed either in the specialist joint gastroenterology/obstetric clinic or in the specialist maternal medicine clinics.

Lead Maternal Medicine Obstetrician- Dr M Smith (Gastro)/ Dr S Williams (Hepatology)

Lead Gastroenterologist- Dr M Gunn

Joint Obstetric/Gastroenterology clinic- Wednesday afternoon RVI

Specialist Maternal Medicine clinic- Thursday afternoon RVI

Clinical resources

British society of gastroenterology- BSG endorsed guidance: standards for provision of antenatal care for patients with inflammatory bowel diseaseAntenatal Care for IBD Patients | BSG Guidelines & Standards

EASL Clinical practice guidelines on the management of liver diseases in pregnancy- EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of liver diseases in pregnancy – Journal of Hepatology

FIGO guideline on liver disease and pregnancyFIGO guideline on liver disease and pregnancy – Nana – 2025 – International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics – Wiley Online Library

Patient information resources

Crohns & Colitis UK- Pregnancy and BirthPregnancy and birth with Crohn’s Disease or Ulcerative Colitis (IBD)

Crohns & Colitis UK- Pregnancy, My stoma & MePregnancy, my stoma & me – @Stomababe

Crohns & Colitis UK- Reproductive health and fertilityReproductive health and fertility in Crohn’s Disease or Ulcerative Colitis (IBD)

British Liver Trust- Acute fatty liver of pregnancyAcute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) – British Liver Trust

NHS Bloods and transplant- Living with a liver transplant/family planning-Family planning – Organ transplantation – NHS Blood and Transplant

British Liver Trust- Life after liver transplant – Life after liver transplant – British Liver Trust

Category A
Local expertise
Category B
Review, advice and guidance from maternal medicine centre
Category C
Care led by maternal medicine centre
Hyperemesis gravidarumComplex inflammatory bowel disease
- Active disease despite treatment
- Biologics
- Corticosteroids
- Peri-anal disease
- Pouch/stoma
Portal hypertension
ConstipationAcute and chronic pancreatitisComplex pancreatitis
- Not responding to treatment
- Recurrent disease
- Hypertriglyceridaemia
- IR/surgical intervention
GallstonesTreated GI malignancyActive malignancy
Gastro-oesophageal reflux diseaseUnexplained jaundiceCirrhosis
Coeliac diseaseAcute fatty liver of pregnancyDecompensated liver disease/ liver failure
Viral hepatitisAchalasiaLiver transplant
Intrahepatic cholestasis (bile acids <100)Intrahepatic cholestasis (bile acids >100)
Uncomplicated inflammatory bowel disease in remissionLiver infarction/haematoma
CholecystitisAutoimmune hepatitis
Viral hepatitisWilsons disease
HELLPCrigler Najjar syndrome
Primary biliary cirrhosis
Primary sclerosing cholangitis